Dynamically providing to a person feedback pertaining to utterances spoken or sung by the person

ABSTRACT

Utterances spoken or sung by a first person can be received, in real time. The detected utterances can be compared to at least a stored sample of utterances spoken or sung by the first person. Based on the comparing, audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the first person can be isolated from a background noise. A volume of the utterances spoken or sung by a first person relative to the background noise can be determined. A key indicator that indicates the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise can be generated. Based on the key indicator, information indicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise can be communicated.

BACKGROUND

Arrangements described herein relate to providing to processing audiosignals generated by a presenter.

When a person is speaking or singing to a large audience, generally itis desirable that all people in the audience clearly hear the speaker.To that extent, a public address (PA) system oftentimes, but not always,is used to convey the speech to the audience. A PA system is anelectronic sound amplification and distribution system that includes amicrophone, an amplifier and loudspeakers that are used to detect,amplify and propagate speech and other audio. It is not uncommon for aPA system also to include a sound board which is used to adjust andoptimize presentation of the speech to the audience. For example, aperson controlling the sound board can listen to the speaker through thePA system and adjust the level of audio amplification and audioequalization applied to the audio to achieve a desired sound level andtone.

SUMMARY

A method includes detecting, in real time, by a mobile communicationdevice, utterances spoken or sung by a first person when the utterancesare spoken or sung. The method also includes comparing, in real timeusing a processor of the mobile communication device, the detectedutterances spoken or sung by the first person to at least a storedsample of utterances spoken or sung by the first person. The method alsoincludes, based on the comparing the detected utterances spoken or sungby the first person to at least the stored sample of utterances spokenor sung by the first person, isolating audio of the utterances spoken orsung by the first person from a background noise. The method alsoincludes determining a volume of the utterances spoken or sung by afirst person relative to the background noise. The method also includesgenerating, by the mobile communication device, a key indicator thatindicates the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise. The method also includes,based on the key indicator, communicating, by the mobile communicationdevice, information indicating the volume of the detected utterancesspoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise.

A mobile communication device includes a processor programmed toinitiate executable operations. The executable operations includedetecting, in real time, utterances spoken or sung by a first personwhen the utterances are spoken or sung. The executable operations alsoinclude comparing, in real time, the detected utterances spoken or sungby the first person to at least a stored sample of utterances spoken orsung by the first person. The executable operations also include, basedon the comparing the detected utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson to at least the stored sample of utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person, isolating audio of the utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person from a background noise. The executable operations alsoinclude determining a volume of the utterances spoken or sung by a firstperson relative to the background noise. The executable operations alsoinclude generating a key indicator that indicates the volume of thedetected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to thebackground noise. The executable operations also include, based on thekey indicator, communicating information indicating the volume of thedetected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to thebackground noise.

A mobile computer program product includes a computer readable storagemedium having program code stored thereon, the program code executableby a processor to perform a method. The method includes detecting, inreal time, utterances spoken or sung by a first person when theutterances are spoken or sung. The method also includes comparing, bythe processor and in real time, the detected utterances spoken or sungby the first person to at least a stored sample of utterances spoken orsung by the first person. The method also includes, based on thecomparing the detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person toat least the stored sample of utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson, isolating audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson from a background noise. The method also includes determining avolume of the utterances spoken or sung by a first person relative tothe background noise. The method also includes generating a keyindicator that indicates the volume of the detected utterances spoken orsung by the first person relative to the background noise. The methodalso includes, based on the key indicator, communicating informationindicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communicationsystem.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating another example of acommunication system.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating another example of acommunication system.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating example architecture for aserver.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating example architecture for a mobilecommunication device.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method ofdynamically providing to a person feedback pertaining to utterancesspoken or sung by the person.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

While the disclosure concludes with claims defining novel features, itis believed that the various features described herein will be betterunderstood from a consideration of the description in conjunction withthe drawings. The process(es), machine(s), manufacture(s) and anyvariations thereof described within this disclosure are provided forpurposes of illustration. Any specific structural and functional detailsdescribed are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basisfor the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled inthe art to variously employ the features described in virtually anyappropriately detailed structure. Further, the terms and phrases usedwithin this disclosure are not intended to be limiting, but rather toprovide an understandable description of the features described.

This disclosure relates to dynamically providing to a person feedbackpertaining to audio generated by the person or another person. Inillustration, when a person is speaking or singing to a large audience,mobile communication devices used by members of the audience and/orsensors can detect audio generated by the person, including utterancesspoken or sung by the person. The detected utterances can be compared toa stored sample of utterances spoken or sung by the person. Based onthis comparison, a key indicator can be generated. The key indicator canindicate at least one characteristic of the detected audio. For example,the key indicator can indicate the person is speaking or singing tooloudly, the person is speaking or singing to softly, the person isspeaking or singing too fast, the person is not properly annunciatinghis/her words, the person is speaking or singing in too high or too lowof a tone, or the like. Feedback based on the key indicator can becommunicated to the person, thereby indicating to the person whether theperson should change the manner in which the person is speaking orsinging and, if so, how the person should change the manner in whichhe/she is speaking or singing. In lieu of, or in addition to,communicating the feedback to the person, the feedback can becommunicated to another person, such as a person controllingpresentation of the audio via a public address (PA) system.

In another arrangement, when a person is speaking or singing in an areadesignated as a quiet zone, a mobile communication device used by theperson, or a mobile communication device used by another who isproximate to the person, can detect utterances spoken or sung by theperson. The detected utterances can be compared to stored samples ofutterances spoken or sung by various people, including the person who isspeaking or singing, to identify the person who is speaking or singingand generate a key indicator. Again, the key indicator can indicate atleast one characteristic of the detected utterances spoken or sung bythe person. For example, the key indicator can indicate whether theperson is speaking or singing too loudly in the quiet zone. Feedbackbased on the key indicator can be communicated to the person. Forinstance, the key indicator can indicate to the person that the personis speaking or singing to loudly in the quiet zone. In response, thespeaker can take appropriate action, for example by lowering the volumeof speech or moving the discussion to another location.

Several definitions that apply throughout this document now will bepresented.

As defined herein, the term “key indicator” means an indicator thatindicates at least one characteristic of the audio by the person.Examples of such characteristics include, but are not limited to, volumeof the audio, volume of the audio relative to background noise, tone ofthe audio, pace of the audio, clarity of the audio and quality of wordannunciation.

As defined herein, the term “feedback” means information provided to aperson regarding in response to information provided by the person or anaction performed by the person. Examples of information provided by aperson include, but are not limited to, spoken or sung utterances,vocalizations of the person and other actions by the person that createsound.

As defined herein, the term “utterance” means a word spoken by a personor sung by a person.

As defined herein, the term “real time” means a level of processingresponsiveness that a user or system senses as sufficiently immediatefor a particular process or determination to be made, or that enablesthe processor to keep up with some external process.

As defined herein, the term “processor” means at least one hardwarecircuit (e.g., an integrated circuit) configured to carry outinstructions contained in program code. Examples of a processor include,but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), an arrayprocessor, a vector processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), afield-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integratedcircuit (ASIC) and a controller.

As defined herein, the term “automatically” means without userintervention.

As defined herein, the term “user” means a person (i.e., a human being).

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communicationsystem (hereinafter “system”) 100. The system 100 can include a server110, one or more mobile communication devices 120, 130 used by membersof an audience, an microphone processing system 140 coupled to one ormore discrete microphones 142, and a presenter communication device 150used by a person 160 generating and/or presenting audio to the audience.Optionally, the system 100 also can include a PA system (not shown) tofacilitate conveyance of audio generated or presented by the person 160to the audience. PA systems are well known to those of ordinary skill inthe art.

The server 110, mobile communication devices 120, 130, microphoneprocessing system 140 and the presenter communication device 150 eachcan be implemented as a respective processing system including at leastone processor and memory. Examples of a mobile communication device 120,130 include, but are not limited to, a mobile computer (e.g., a laptopcomputer, a notebook computer, a netbook computer, a tablet computer, awearable computer, etc.), a smart phone, a personal digital assistant,and the like. Each mobile communication device 120, 130 can include atleast one microphone. Examples of the microphone processing system 140include, but are not limited to, an input audio controller, a mixingboard, and the like. In another arrangement, the microphone processingsystem 140 can be a component of the server 110. Examples of thepresenter communication device 150 include a computer, a mobilecommunication device, a teleprompter, and the like.

The server 110 can be communicatively linked to the mobile communicationdevices 120, 130, the microphone processing system 140, and thepresenter communication device 150, via one or more suitablecommunication networks 170. Optionally, the mobile communication devices120, 130 and microphone processing system 140 can be communicativelylinked to the presenter communication device 150 via the communicationnetwork(s) 170. The communication network 170 is the medium used toprovide communications links between various devices and data processingsystems connected together within system 100. The communication network170 may include connections, such as wire, wireless communication links,or fiber optic cables. The communication network 170 can be implementedas, or include, any of a variety of different communication technologiessuch as a wide area network (WAN), a local area network (LAN), apersonal area network (PAN), a wireless network, a mobile network, aVirtual Private Network (VPN), the Internet, the Public SwitchedTelephone Network (PSTN), or the like.

The server 110 can store a voice sample 162 of the person 160. In oneaspect, the voice sample 162 can be a digital voice sample. For example,prior to starting a presentation in which the person 160 will bespeaking or singing, the person 160 can record his/her voice and uploadthe voice sample 162 to the server. In one arrangement, the person 160can record his/her voice (e.g., utterances spoken or sung by the person160) via the presenter communication device 150, though the presentarrangements are not limited in this regard. Further, the server 110 canbe trained with the person's voice sample 162 and generate correspondingtraining information that can be used to identify the person when theperson is speaking or singing. Such training information can be storedwith the voice sample 162 and communicated with the voice sample 162when the voice sample is shared with other devices/systems. Further,metadata can be included in the voice sample 162 and/or traininginformation, such as user name, user identifier, device identifier, geolocation information, profile information, an image sample, etc.

In operation, one or more of the mobile communication devices 120, 130and microphone processing system 140 can receive from the server 110 thevoice sample 162 of the person 160 and store the voice sample 162locally on the respective mobile communication devices 120, 130. Forexample, prior to, when or after the person 160 begins speaking, singingor otherwise presenting audio to the audience, members of the audiencecan use their mobile communication devices 120, 130 to navigate to awebsite or web portal from which the voice sample 162 can be downloaded.In another arrangement, the voice sample 162 can be provided to theaudience members as an attachment to a message, such as an e-mail ortext message, which the audience members can open to retrieve the voicesample 162 and store the voice sample, at least temporarily, on theirrespective mobile communication devices 120, 130. If the microphoneprocessing system 140 is not a component of the server 110, a personadministering the microphone processing system 140 can retrieve thevoice sample 162 in a similar manner, or the server 110 can push thevoice sample 162 to the microphone processing system 140.

Further, one or more of the mobile communication devices 120, 130 andmicrophone processing system 140 can include a feedback application 180configured to compare detected utterances spoken or sung by the person160 to the voice sample 162, as will be described. The feedbackapplication 180 can be received from the server 110 by the respectivemobile communication devices 120, 130 and microphone processing system140, for example as previously described with respect to the voicesample 162, or can otherwise be installed on the mobile communicationdevices 120, 130 and microphone processing system 140. In onearrangement, the feedback application 180 can be configured to be in anauto-notification mode wherein the feedback application 180automatically generates feedback when audio is detected, or a manualmode in which a user activates and deactivates the feedback application180 when desired.

During the presentation, the person 160 can generate and/or otherwisepresent audio 164, which can include utterances spoken or sung by theperson 160 during the presentation. The mobile communication devices120, 130 can automatically detect the audio 164 via their respectivemicrophones, or microphones to which the mobile communication devices120, 130 are communicatively linked, and provide the audio 164 to therespective feedback application 180-1, 180-2 executing on the respectivemobile communication devices 120, 130. Similarly, the microphoneprocessing system 140 can automatically detect the audio 164 via therespective microphones 142, and provide the audio 164 to the respectivefeedback application 180-3 executing on the microphone processing system140 (or the server 110 if the microphone processing system 140 is acomponent of the server).

Each instance of the feedback application 180 executing on therespective the mobile communication devices 120, 130 and microphoneprocessing system 140 can process the detected audio 164 to generate akey indicator that indicates at least one characteristic of the detectedaudio 164. As noted, examples of such a characteristic include, but arenot limited to, volume of the audio, volume of the audio relative tobackground noise, tone of the audio, pace of the audio, clarity andquality of word annunciation.

In illustration, each instance of the feedback application 180 canidentify in the detected audio 164 and/or filter from the detected audio164 utterances spoken or sung by the person 160. In one aspect, suchfiltering can include processing the voice sample 162. Further, thefeedback application can compare the utterances spoken or sung by theperson 160 to previous utterances spoken or sung by the person 160contained in the voice sample 162 and, based at least on thiscomparison, generate the key indicator. For example, if the person isspeaking or singing at a pace in the detected audio 164 that is fasterthan a pace the person spoke or sung in the voice sample 162, the keyindicator can indicate that the person is speaking or singing to fast inthe presentation. If the volume of the detected audio 164 is lowcompared to the volume of the person's voice in the voice sample 162, orthe volume of the detected audio 164 is low compared to backgroundnoise, the key indicator can indicate the person 160 is speaking toosoftly and should increase the volume of the audio 164, speak/singcloser to a microphone, or the volume of the PA system should beincreased. If the volume of the detected audio 164 is high compared tothe volume of the person's voice in the voice sample 162, the keyindicator can indicate the person 160 is speaking too loudly and shoulddecrease the volume of the audio 164, speak/sing farther away from amicrophone, or the volume of the PA system should be decreased. If wordannunciation in the detected audio 164 is lower than the quality of wordannunciation contained in the voice sample 162, the key indicator canindicate the person 160 needs to better annunciate his/her words.

Further, members of the audience can use the feedback application 180 ontheir respective mobile communication devices 120, 130 to manually enteruser inputs via a suitable user interface presented by the feedbackapplication 180. The user inputs can indicate characteristics of theaudio 164 as perceived by the audience members. For example, audiencemembers can be provided selectable and/or adjustable controls to ratethe volume, pace, tone, clarity and/or word annunciation of audiopresented by the person 160. Such user inputs also can be processed togenerate the key indicator. In one aspect, the feedback 190 can beprovided anonymously so that users will not be inhibited from beinghonest with their user inputs. Further, user preferences can be storedin the feedback application 180, and the user preferences can bedynamically (automatically) changed when changes in the location of themobile communication devices 120, 130 and/or environment in which themobile communication devices 120, 130 are located are detected. Suchchanges in the environment can be, for example, changes in levels ofbackground noise, etc.

From the key indicator, each instance the feedback application 180 cangenerate respective feedback 190-1, 190-2, 190-3 indicating thecharacteristic(s) of the detected audio 164 determined by the respectiveinstances of the feedback application 180 and/or user inputs receivedfrom audience members. In one arrangement, each respective feedback190-1, 190-2, 190-3 can indicate a respective location of thecorresponding mobile communication device 120, 130/microphone 142. Forexample, each mobile communication device 120, 130 can include a globalpositioning system (GPS) receiver, or other suitable device/system, usedto determine the location of the mobile communication device 120, 130.In another example, a mobile communication device 120, 130 cancommunicate with other devices/systems, such as wireless access points,routers, etc., to determine its present location. The feedbackapplication 180 can process the location information to determine where,in a room, conference hall, building or stadium, the mobilecommunication device 120, 130 is located, and indicate such in thefeedback 190-1, 190-2 generated for that mobile communication device120, 130. For example, the feedback 190-1 can indicate that the volumeof the audio 164 is too low in the left-rear portion of the conferencehall. Further, the microphone processing system 140 can accessinformation indicating where each microphone 142 is located. Thelocation of a particular microphone 142 can be indicted in feedback190-3 generated based on the audio 164 as detected by that particularmicrophone 142. For example, the feedback 190-3 can indicate that thevolume of the audio 164 is too high in the center-front portion of theroom. Accordingly, when large audiences are present, different areaswhere audience members are located can be identified and presentation ofthe audio 164 to the different areas can be selectively controlled tooptimize the listening experience in each area.

In one arrangement, each respective feedback 190-1, 190-2, 190-3 can becommunicated as feedback 192 from the respective mobile communicationdevices 120, 130 and microphone processing system 140 to the presentercommunication device 150. In another arrangement, the feedback 190 canbe communicated from the respective mobile communication devices 120,130 and microphone processing system 140 to the server 110, and afeedback application 182 executed by the server 110 can process andaggregate the feedback 190 to generate feedback 192 that is communicatedto the presenter communication device 150. In illustration, at leastsome of the respective feedback 190-1, 190-2, 190-3 can be similar. Thefeedback application 182 can consolidate the feedback 190 into feedback192 that is quickly and easily comprehended by the person 160 while theperson is presenting the audio 164.

If there is a large number of audience members, and only a small numberof the audience members provide feedback 190 indicating that the volumeof the audio 164 is too low, the feedback application 182 need notcommunicate the feedback 192 to the presenter communication device 150,or may wait to do so until more audience members provide feedback 190indicating the volume of the audio 164 is too low. In this regard, afeedback threshold may be required before the feedback 192 is generated.Further, feedback 190 from some audience members located in a particulararea may indicate the volume of the audio is too low, while feedback 190from other audience members located in that particular area may indicatethe volume of the audio is too high. In such case, the feedbackapplication 182 can evaluate the feedback 190 to determine whether moreof the feedback indicates the volume is too low or more of the feedbackindicates the volume is too high. The feedback application 182 can applya suitable algorithm to determine whether to generate the feedback 192based on the received feedback 190, and if so, whether the feedback 192suggests increasing or lowering the volume. For example, if the feedback190 indicates twice as many mobile communication devices 120,130/audience members indicate the volume is too low as compared to thenumber of mobile communication devices 120, 130/audience membersindicating the volume is too high, the feedback application 182 cangenerate the feedback 192 indicating the volume is too low. Further, thefeedback application 182 can selectively process feedback 190 receivedwithin a particular period, or window, when determining whether togenerate the feedback 192 and the content of the feedback 192.

Responsive to receiving the feedback 192, a user interface 152 of thepresenter communication device 150 can present the feedback 192 to theperson 160 who is presenting the audio 164. Accordingly, based on thefeedback 192, the person 160 can adjust the manner in which the personis speaking or singing to better convey the person's speech or song. Inone arrangement, the feedback 192 can be presented on a display orteleprompter viewable by the person 160. In another arrangement, thefeedback 192 can be audibly presented to the person 160, for example viaan audio earpiece worn by the person 160.

In one aspect, the feedback 192 can be presented via the person's mobilecommunication device, which also can execute an instance of the feedbackapplication 180. In this regard, the user interface 152 can be presentedby the feedback application 180. Further, the feedback application 180can include a user selectable option that allows the person 160 tochoose whether the person 160 is a presenter or audience member. If theperson 160 selects to be a presenter, the feedback application 180 canpresent to the person 160 feedback from other users (e.g., audiencemembers). If the person 160 selects to be an audience member, thefeedback application can generate feedback as previously described. Inone aspect, the feedback application can require that the person 160register with the server 110 as a presenter before the feedbackapplication 180 allows the person 160 to choose to be a presenter. Whenthe person 160 is registered as a presenter, the server 110 cancommunicate a message to other feedback applications 180-1, 180-2, 180-3indicating that the person 160 is the presenter, in which case the otherfeedback applications 180-1, 180-2, 180-3 can filter the detected audio164, based at least in part on the voice sample 162, to isolate thepresenters utterances from other voices and background noise.

In another aspect of the present arrangements, rather than communicatingthe feedback 192 to the presenter communication device 150, or inaddition to doing so, the feedback 192 can be communicated to anotherperson (not shown), such as a person in charge of controlling a PAsystem via which the audio 164 is delivered to the audience members.Based on the feedback 192, that other person can adjust the manner inwhich the audio 164 is presented over the PA system. For example, theperson can adjust the volume at which the audio 164 is presented or oneor more areas of a room, conference hall, building, or stadium, equalizethe audio 164 to adjust the tone of the audio, etc. In yet anotherarrangement, the feedback 192 can be communicated to the PA system, forexample to a computer controlled sound board controlling the PA system,and the PA system can automatically adjust the volume at which the audio164 is presented or one or more areas of a room, conference hall,building, or stadium, equalize the audio 164 to adjust the tone of theaudio, etc.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating another example of acommunication system (hereinafter “system”) 200. The system 200 caninclude the server 110, the mobile communication devices 120, 130, themicrophone processing system 140, the microphones 142, the presentercommunication device 150, and the communication network(s) 170 depictedin, and discussed with reference to, FIG. 1. In the system 200 of FIG.2, rather than the feedback application 180 generating the key indicatorand the feedback, the respective instances of the feedback application180-1, 180-2, 180-3 can communicate to the server 110, as detected audio264-1, 264-2, 264-3, the audio 164 presented by the person 160 anddetected by the respective mobile communication devices 120, 130 andmicrophone processing system 140. The mobile communication devices 120,130 also can communicate to the server 110 location informationindicating the respective locations of the mobile communication devices120, 130, and the microphone processing system 140 can communicate tothe server location information indicating the respective locations ofthe microphones 142, for example as previously described. The locationinformation can be associated with the respective detected audio 264-1,264-2, 264-3, for example as previously described with regard toassociating location information with the feedback 190 of FIG. 1. Thefeedback application 182 can filter the detected audio 264 using thevoice sample 162 to isolate the utterances of the person 160 from othervoices and background noise.

Further, the feedback application 182 can generate the key indicatorthat indicates at least one characteristic of the detected audio 164. Inone arrangement, in addition to the detected audio 264, the feedbackapplication 180-1, 180-2 on the mobile communication devices 120, 130can receive user inputs from respective audience members related tocharacteristics of the audio 164 as perceived by the audience members,and can communicate corresponding data to the server 110. The feedbackapplication 182 can generate the key indicator in the same mannerpreviously described with reference to operations performed by thefeedback application 180 in FIG. 1. Further, based on the key indicator,the feedback application 182 can generate the feedback 192 indicatingthe characteristic(s) of the detected audio 164 and communicate thefeedback 192 to the presenter communication device 150 for presentationto the person 160 by the user interface 152. As noted, the userinterface 152 can be presented by a feedback application executing onthe presenter communication device 150. In another aspect, the feedbackapplication 182 can communicate the feedback 192 to another person (notshown), such as a person in charge of controlling a PA system via whichthe audio 164 is delivered to the audience members. In yet anotheraspect, the feedback application 182 can communicate the feedback 192 tothe PA system which, as noted, can automatically adjust the volume atwhich the audio 164 is presented or one or more areas of a room,conference hall, building, or stadium, equalize the audio 164 to adjustthe tone of the audio, etc.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating another example of acommunication system (hereafter “system”) 300. The system 300 caninclude the server 110, the mobile communication devices 120, 130 andthe communication network(s) 170 depicted in, and discussed withreference to, FIGS. 1 and 2. In the system 300 of FIG. 3, the respectiveinstances of the feedback application 180-1, 180-2 executing on themobile communication devices 120, 130 can communicate to the server 110,as detected audio 366-1, 366-2, audio 364 (e.g., utterances) presentedby a person 360 and detected by one the respective mobile communicationdevices 120, 130. Further, the mobile communication devices 120, 130 cancommunicate to the server 110 location information indicating therespective locations of the mobile communication devices 120, 130, forexample as previously described.

The feedback application 182 can process the detected audio 366 toidentify the person 360. In illustration, for each person thatparticipates in the system 300, the server 110 can receive a respectivevoice sample 362 which includes utterances spoken or sung by therespective people. The feedback application 182 can process the voicesamples 182 in order to generate voice identification data configured tobe processed to recognize the individual people based on detectedutterances spoken or sung by the people. Thus, when the detected audio366 is received, the feedback application 182 can identify the person360 based on the detected audio and the voice identification datagenerated for that person 360.

Further, the feedback application 182 can identify the mobilecommunication device 120 used by the person 360. The feedbackapplication 182 also can compare the location information received fromthe mobile communication device 120 with quiet zone information 312 todetermine whether the person 360 presently is located in an areadesignated as a quiet zone. If the person 360 presently is located in anarea designated as a quiet zone, the feedback application 182 canprocess the detected audio 366 to generate a key indicator thatindicates a volume of the audio 364. Further, the feedback applicationcan compare the key indicator to a threshold value for a maximum volumelevel assigned to the area, and determine whether the volume of theaudio 364 is above the threshold value (i.e., too loud for the areadesignated as the quiet zone). If so, the feedback application 182 cangenerate feedback 390 indicating the person 360 is being too loud andcommunicate the feedback 390 to the mobile communication device 120 ofthe person 360. The feedback application 180 on that mobilecommunication device 120 can present the feedback 390 to the person 360.For example, the feedback application 180 can present the feedback 390via a user interface presented on the mobile communication device, viaan audible notification presented by the mobile communication device120, or via a haptic response (e.g., vibration or series of vibrations)presented by mobile communication device 120. Accordingly, the person360 is notified that he/she is too loud for the quiet zone and can lowerthe volume of audio 364 he/she is generating.

In one arrangement, an area can be automatically designated as a quietzone by the feedback application 182 if a person (e.g., a person otherthan the person 360) is designated as a presenter in that area. Theperson who is the presenter in that area can be assigned a higher volumethreshold than other people in that area. Accordingly, if an the person360 is an audience member and speaks too loudly, or otherwise makes toomuch noise, while another person is presenting, the person 360 can benotified the he/she is speaking too loudly during the presentation.

An area also can be designated as a quiet zone by a user. For example,if the person 360 is conducting a meeting in a first office anddiscussing confidential information, and a client, customer or otherperson who is not authorized to listen to the meeting enters anotheroffice proximate to the first office, a staff member can access afeedback application 180 on the staff members communication device toupdate the quiet zone information 312 in order to designate the firstoffice as a quiet zone. For example, the feedback application 180 cancommunicate a corresponding message to the feedback application 182.Accordingly, if the person 360 speaks too loudly when the first officeis designated as a quiet zone, the feedback application can generatefeedback 390 informing the person 360 that he/she should speak quietlyabout confidential information.

In another aspect, a person 360 may desire to made aware of whetherhe/she potentially is distracting other people, for example if theperson 360 works in an office where personnel work in cubicles. In thiscase, the person 360 can access the feedback application 180 on theperson's mobile communication device 120 and enter a user inputselecting a corresponding user selectable option to monitor the volumeof the person's utterances as perceived by other mobile communicationdevices 130. The feedback application 180 can communicate a message tothe feedback application 182. Accordingly, the feedback application 182can monitor detected audio 366-2 received from the other mobilecommunication devices 130 and identify audio 364 generated by the person360 as previously described. If the key indicator indicates that thedetected audio 366-2 is above a threshold level, the feedbackapplication 182 can generate the feedback 390 and communicate thefeedback 390 to the mobile communication device 120 to indicate to theperson that the volume of the audio 364 generated by the person 360 istoo high.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating example architecture for theserver 110. The server 110 can include at least one processor 405 (e.g.,a central processing unit) coupled to memory elements 410 through asystem bus 415 or other suitable circuitry. As such, the server 110 canstore program code within the memory elements 410. The processor 405 canexecute the program code accessed from the memory elements 410 via thesystem bus 415. It should be appreciated that the server 110 can beimplemented in the form of any system including a processor and memorythat is capable of performing the functions and/or operations describedwithin this specification. For example, the server 110 can beimplemented as one or more computers.

The memory elements 410 can include one or more physical memory devicessuch as, for example, local memory 420 and one or more bulk storagedevices 425. Local memory 420 refers to random access memory (RAM) orother non-persistent memory device(s) generally used during actualexecution of the program code. The bulk storage device(s) 425 can beimplemented as a hard disk drive (HDD), solid state drive (SSD), orother persistent data storage device. In one arrangement, the bulkstorage device(s) 425 can be distinct from, but communicatively linkedto, the server 110. The server 110 also can include one or more cachememories (not shown) that provide temporary storage of at least someprogram code in order to reduce the number of times program code must beretrieved from the bulk storage device 425 during execution.

One or more network adapters 430 also can be coupled to server 110 toenable server 110 to become coupled to other systems, computer systems,remote printers, and/or remote storage devices through interveningprivate or public networks. Modems, cable modems, transceivers, andEthernet cards are examples of different types of network adapters 430that are known to those skilled in the art.

As pictured in FIG. 4, the memory elements 410 can store the componentsof the systems 100, 200, 300 of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, namely the feedbackapplication 182, the voice sample 162 (or voice samples 362) and thequiet zone information 312. Being implemented in the form of executableprogram code, these components of the server 110 can be executed by theserver 110 and, as such, can be considered part of the server 110.Moreover, the feedback application 182, voice sample 162 (or voicesamples 362) and quiet zone information 312 are functional datastructures that impart functionality when employed as part of the server110. Other data structures processed by the server 110, for example thefeedback 190 (FIG. 1) and detected audio 264 (FIGS. 2 and 3) also arefunctional data structures that impart functionality when processed bythe server 110.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating example architecture for themobile communication device 120. The mobile communication device 130 andpresenter communication device 150 can include similar architecture.

The mobile communication device 120 can include at least one processor505 (e.g., a central processing unit) coupled to memory elements 510through a system bus 515 or other suitable circuitry. As such, themobile communication device 120 can store program code within the memoryelements 510. The processor 505 can execute the program code accessedfrom the memory elements 510 via the system bus 515. It should beappreciated that the mobile communication device 120 can be implementedin the form of any system including a processor and memory that iscapable of performing the functions and/or operations described withinthis specification.

The memory elements 510 can include one or more physical memory devicessuch as, for example, local memory 520 and one or more bulk storagedevices 525. Input/output (I/O) devices such as a display 530, audio I/Odevices (e.g., one or more microphones, speakers, etc.), and a GPSreceiver 540 (or other location determining device). The I/O devices canbe coupled to the mobile communication device 120 either directly orthrough intervening I/O controllers. For example, the display 530 can becoupled to the mobile communication device 120 via a graphics processingunit (GPU), which may be a component of the processor 505 or a discretedevice. One or more network adapters 545 also can be coupled to mobilecommunication device 120 to enable mobile communication device 120 tobecome coupled to other systems, computer systems, remote printers,and/or remote storage devices through intervening private or publicnetworks.

As pictured in FIG. 5, the memory elements 510 can store the componentsof the mobile communication device of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, namely thefeedback application 180-1. Being implemented in the form of executableprogram code, the feedback application 180-1 can be executed by themobile communication device 120 and, as such, can be considered part ofthe mobile communication device 120. Moreover, the feedback application180-1 is a functional data structure that imparts functionality whenemployed as part of the mobile communication device 120. Other datastructures processed by the mobile communication device 120, for examplethe voice sample 162, also are functional data structures that impartfunctionality when processed by the mobile communication device 120.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 600 ofdynamically providing to a person feedback pertaining to utterancesspoken or sung by the person. At step 602, utterances spoken or sung bya first person can be received, in real time, when the utterances arespoken or sung. At step 604, the detected utterances spoken or sung bythe first person can be compared, using a processor and in real time, toat least a stored sample of utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson. At step 606, based, at least in part, on the comparing thedetected utterances spoken or sung by the first person to at least thestored sample of utterances spoken or sung by the first person, a keyindicator can be generated that indicates at least one characteristic ofthe detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person. At step 608,feedback indicating the at least one characteristic of the detectedutterances spoken or sung by the first person can be communicated to thefirst person or a second person.

For purposes of simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shownin the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example,the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative toother elements for clarity. Further, where considered appropriate,reference numbers are repeated among the figures to indicatecorresponding, analogous, or like features.

The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computerprogram product. The computer program product may include a computerreadable storage medium (or media) having computer readable programinstructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of thepresent invention.

The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that canretain and store instructions for use by an instruction executiondevice. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but isnot limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device,an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, asemiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of thecomputer readable storage medium includes the following: a portablecomputer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), aread-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMor Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portablecompact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD),a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such aspunch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructionsrecorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Acomputer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construedas being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freelypropagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagatingthrough a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulsespassing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmittedthrough a wire.

Computer readable program instructions described herein can bedownloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computerreadable storage medium or to an external computer or external storagedevice via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, awide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprisecopper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wirelesstransmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/oredge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in eachcomputing/processing device receives computer readable programinstructions from the network and forwards the computer readable programinstructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium withinthe respective computing/processing device.

Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations ofthe present invention may be assembler instructions,instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions,machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions,state-setting data, or either source code or object code written in anycombination of one or more programming languages, including an objectoriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++ or the like, andconventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C”programming language or similar programming languages. The computerreadable program instructions may execute entirely on the user'scomputer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone softwarepackage, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computeror entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario,the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through anytype of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer(for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example,programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), orprogrammable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readableprogram instructions by utilizing state information of the computerreadable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry,in order to perform aspects of the present invention.

Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer readable program instructions.

These computer readable program instructions may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructionsmay also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can directa computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or otherdevices to function in a particular manner, such that the computerreadable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises anarticle of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects ofthe function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram blockor blocks.

The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other deviceto cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer,other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computerimplemented process, such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement thefunctions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block orblocks.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of theorder noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardwareand computer instructions.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Asused herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,”“including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in thisdisclosure, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps,operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude thepresence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps,operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Reference throughout this disclosure to “one embodiment,” “anembodiment,” or similar language means that a particular feature,structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodimentis included in at least one embodiment described within this disclosure.Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in anembodiment,” and similar language throughout this disclosure may, but donot necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.

The term “plurality,” as used herein, is defined as two or more thantwo. The term “another,” as used herein, is defined as at least a secondor more. The term “coupled,” as used herein, is defined as connected,whether directly without any intervening elements or indirectly with oneor more intervening elements, unless otherwise indicated. Two elementsalso can be coupled mechanically, electrically, or communicativelylinked through a communication channel, pathway, network, or system. Theterm “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and allpossible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Itwill also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. maybe used herein to describe various elements, these elements should notbe limited by these terms, as these terms are only used to distinguishone element from another unless stated otherwise or the contextindicates otherwise.

The term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in responseto determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context.Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated conditionor event] is detected” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or“in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition orevent]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],”depending on the context.

The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present inventionhave been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intendedto be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the describedembodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain theprinciples of the embodiments, the practical application or technicalimprovement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enableothers of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodimentsdisclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: detecting, in real time, bya mobile communication device of a second person that is a member of anaudience, utterances spoken or sung by a first person when theutterances are spoken or sung to the audience; comparing, in real timeusing a processor of the mobile communication device, the detectedutterances spoken or sung by the first person to at least a storedsample of utterances spoken or sung by the first person; based on thecomparing the detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person toat least the stored sample of utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson, isolating audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson from a background noise; determining a volume of the utterancesspoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise;generating, by the mobile communication device, a key indicator thatindicates the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise; and based on the keyindicator, communicating, by the mobile communication device,information indicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken orsung by the first person relative to the background noise.
 2. The methodof claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the mobile communicationdevice, based on the key indicator, that the volume of the utterancesspoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise islow; and responsive to the determining, by the mobile communicationdevice, based on the key indicator, that the volume of the utterancesspoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise islow, determining that a public address system should increase a volumeof an audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the first persondelivered by the public address system; wherein the informationindicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise is communicated to thepublic address system and causes the public address system toautomatically increase the volume of the audio of the utterances spokenor sung by the first person delivered by the public address system. 3.The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the mobilecommunication device, based on the key indicator, that the volume of theutterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to the backgroundnoise is low; and responsive to the determining, by the mobilecommunication device, based on the key indicator, that the volume of theutterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to the backgroundnoise is low, determining that a volume of an audio of the utterancesspoken or sung by the first person delivered by a public address systemshould be increased; wherein the information indicating the volume ofthe detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative tothe background noise is feedback communicated to a second person andindicates to the second person that the volume of the audio of theutterances spoken or sung by the first person delivered by the publicaddress system should be increased.
 4. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: determining, by the mobile communication device, based onthe key indicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung bythe first person relative to the background noise is low; and responsiveto the determining, by the mobile communication device, based on the keyindicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson relative to the background noise is low, determining that thefirst person should speak or sing closer to a microphone or speak orsing more loudly; wherein the information indicating the volume of thedetected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to thebackground noise is feedback communicated to the first person andindicates to the first person that the first person should speak or singcloser to the microphone or speak or sing more loudly.
 5. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: determining, by the mobile communicationdevice, based on the key indicator, that the volume of the utterancesspoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise ishigh; and responsive to the determining, by the mobile communicationdevice, based on the key indicator, that the volume of the utterancesspoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise ishigh, determining that the first person should speak or sing fartherfrom a microphone or speak or sing more softly; wherein the informationindicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise is feedback communicatedto the first person and indicates to the first person that the firstperson should speak or sing farther from a microphone or speak or singmore softly.
 6. A mobile communication device, comprising: a processorprogrammed to initiate executable operations comprising: detecting, inreal time, utterances spoken or sung by a first person when theutterances are spoken or sung to an audience, wherein the mobilecommunication device belongs to a second person that is a member of theaudience; comparing, in real time, the detected utterances spoken orsung by the first person to at least a stored sample of utterancesspoken or sung by the first person; based on the comparing the detectedutterances spoken or sung by the first person to at least the storedsample of utterances spoken or sung by the first person, isolating audioof the utterances spoken or sung by the first person from a backgroundnoise; determining a volume of the utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise; generating a keyindicator that indicates the volume of the detected utterances spoken orsung by the first person relative to the background noise; and based onthe key indicator, communicating information indicating the volume ofthe detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative tothe background noise.
 7. The mobile communication device of claim 6, theexecutable operations further comprising: determining, based on the keyindicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson relative to the background noise is low; and responsive to thedetermining, based on the key indicator, that the volume of theutterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to the backgroundnoise is low, determining that a public address system should increase avolume of an audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the first persondelivered by the public address system; wherein the informationindicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise is communicated to thepublic address system and causes the public address system toautomatically increase the volume of the audio of the utterances spokenor sung by the first person delivered by the public address system. 8.The mobile communication device of claim 6, the executable operationsfurther comprising: determining, based on the key indicator, that thevolume of the utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative tothe background noise is low; and responsive to the determining, based onthe key indicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung bythe first person relative to the background noise is low, determiningthat a volume of an audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson delivered by a public address system should be increased; whereinthe information indicating the volume of the detected utterances spokenor sung by the first person relative to the background noise is feedbackcommunicated to a second person and indicates to the second person thatthe volume of the audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson delivered by the public address system should be increased. 9.The mobile communication device of claim 6, the executable operationsfurther comprising: determining, based on the key indicator, that thevolume of the utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative tothe background noise is low; and responsive to the determining, based onthe key indicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung bythe first person relative to the background noise is low, determiningthat the first person should speak or sing closer to a microphone orspeak or sing closer to a microphone or speak or sing more loudly;wherein the information indicating the volume of the detected utterancesspoken or sung by the first person relative to the background noise isfeedback communicated to the first person and indicates to the firstperson that the first person should speak or sing closer to themicrophone or speak or sing more loudly.
 10. The mobile communicationdevice of claim 6, the executable operations further comprising:determining, based on the key indicator, that the volume of theutterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to the backgroundnoise is high; and responsive to the determining, based on the keyindicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson relative to the background noise is high, determining that thefirst person should speak or sing farther from a microphone or speak orsing more softly; wherein the information indicating the volume of thedetected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to thebackground noise is feedback communicated to the first person andindicates to the first person that the first person should speak or singfarther from a microphone or speak or sing more softly.
 11. A computerprogram product comprising a computer readable storage medium havingprogram code stored thereon, the program code executable by a processorto perform a method comprising: detecting, in real time, by a mobilecommunication device of a second person that is a member of an audience,utterances spoken or sung by a first person when the utterances arespoken or sung to the audience; comparing, by the mobile communicationdevice using the processor and in real time, the detected utterancesspoken or sung by the first person to at least a stored sample ofutterances spoken or sung by the first person; based on the comparingthe detected utterances spoken or sung by the first person to at leastthe stored sample of utterances spoken or sung by the first person,isolating, by the mobile communication device, audio of the utterancesspoken or sung by the first person from a background noise; determining,by the mobile communication device, a volume of the utterances spoken orsung by the first person relative to the background noise; generating,by the mobile communication device, a key indicator that indicates thevolume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by the first personrelative to the background noise; and based on the key indicator,communicating, by the mobile communication device, informationindicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken or sung by thefirst person relative to the background noise.
 12. The computer programproduct of claim 11, the method further comprising: determining, basedon the key indicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sungby the first person relative to the background noise is low; andresponsive to the determining, based on the key indicator, that thevolume of the utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative tothe background noise is low, determining that a public address systemshould increase a volume of an audio of the utterances spoken or sung bythe first person delivered by the public address system; wherein theinformation indicating the volume of the detected utterances spoken orsung by the first person relative to the background noise iscommunicated to the public address system and causes the public addresssystem to automatically increase the volume of the audio of theutterances spoken or sung by the first person delivered by the publicaddress system.
 13. The computer program product of claim 11, the methodfurther comprising: determining, based on the key indicator, that thevolume of the utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative tothe background noise is low; and responsive to the determining, based onthe key indicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung bythe first person relative to the background noise is low, determiningthat a volume of an audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson delivered by a public address system should be increased; whereinthe information indicating the volume of the detected utterances spokenor sung by the first person relative to the background noise is feedbackcommunicated to a second person and indicates to the second person thatthe volume of the audio of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson delivered by the public address system should be increased. 14.The computer program product of claim 11, the method further comprising:determining, based on the key indicator, that the volume of theutterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to the backgroundnoise is high; and responsive to the determining, based on the keyindicator, that the volume of the utterances spoken or sung by the firstperson relative to the background noise is low, determining that thefirst person should speak or sing closer to a microphone or speak orsing more loudly; wherein the information indicating the volume of thedetected utterances spoken or sung by the first person relative to thebackground noise is feedback communicated to the first person andindicates to the first person that the first person should speak or singcloser to the microphone or speak or sing more loudly.